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• Nutrient Requirements of Poultry: Ninth Revised Edition, 1994 Ninth Revised Edition, 1994 (1994) This edition includes more discussion on key facets of nutrients, nutrient requirements, and nutrient sources. Detailed documentation of the scientific literature used to establish or estimate the requirements is also included in Appendix A. Energy, specific nutrients, and certain nonnutritive feed ingredients are discussed in general terms in Chapter 1. Nutrient requirements for specific types of poultry are presented and discussed in Chapters 2 through 6, with each chapter devoted to a different type.

Chickens

• Feeding Chickens Properly By: Dr. Tom Smith, Mississippi State University.

• Nutrition for the Backyard Flock We raise chickens because they can efficiently change cereal grains and other foodstuffs into eggs and meat. What we feed our chickens is very important. Chickens use feed for two main purposes: (1) as an energy source to maintain body temperature and to carry on activities such as breathing, walking, eating and digesting the feed, and (2) as building material for the development of bone, flesh, feathers and eggs. The feed which chickens eat is made up of water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Each nutrient serves a special need. By: Larry Vest and Nick Dale, Extension Poultry Scientists, University of Georgia.

• Poultry Diets for Small Flocks. Feed formulations designed for the flock owner who may wish to home-mix feeds or have them custom-blended for their birds. They also allow the incorporation of corn from sustainable agriculture or organic programs. These formulations are based on nutrient requirement recommendations and ingredient nutrient analyses of the National Research Council. By: B.L. Damron and D.R. Sloan Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida

• Successful Broiler Production Depends on a Sound Feeding Program By: M.T. Kidd, Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University.

• The Use of Flaxseed as a Poultry Feedstuff Flax or linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is grown in the northern United States and southern Canada. It is a source of linseed oil, an important drying oil for paints, varnishes and linoleum. Flaxseed may be processed by mechanical expellers or solvent extraction and the residual linseed meal is available as an animal feed ingredient. Linseed meal is an important feedstuff for cattle but its use in poultry feeds is limited. By: F.H. Kratzer and Pran Vohra University of California, Davis.

• Feeding Game Birds By: Dr. Tom Smith, Mississippi State University.

• Nutrition Guide for Bobwhite Quail Production Bobwhite quail need proper nutrition for growth, bone formation, feather development and health. Nutritionally adequate diets have a composite of ingredients that supply the bird with six essential nutrient classes. These nutrients include water, protein, carbohydrate, fats, minerals and vitamins. Each nutrient serves specific functions and must be provided by the diet in an adequate amount to promote tissue growth and maintenance.W.A. Dozier, III and K. Bramwell, Extension Poultry Scientists, University of Georgia.

• Ratite Nutrition and Feeding. There is limited quality research concerning the nutritional requirements of Ratites. However, some dependable guidelines have been established because of work completed in Australia and Africa. As in all diet formulations, a variety of high quality ingredients should be used to meet the nutrient recommendations of the Ratite. Using a wide variety of ingredients helps to decrease the effect of variations that are inherent in all ingredients. Julian D. Brake, Broiler Extension Specialist, VA. Tech.

• Feeding Ducks Prepared by: Peter R. Ferket and Gary S. Davis, North Carolina State University