Linking to these sites is an effort to make as much accurate information and resources available to users as possible. We have reviewed all sites before adding them to this list. However, we do not endorse all the information and content of these sites.

• Avian Influenza Information page

• Avian Influenza Avian influenza is caused by type A influenza virus. The symptoms can vary from a mild disease with little or no mortality to a highly fatal, rapidly spreading epidemic (highly pathogenic avian influenza) depending on the infecting virus strain, host factors, and environmental stressors. By: Carol J. Cardona, Extension Poultry Veterinarian, University of California, Davis.

• APHIS "Biosecurity for the Birds" A national campaign to promote avian health through biosecurity. Very good biosecurity site.

• Biosecurity and Diseases of poultry and other livestock. Developed by Penn State

• Biosecurity The Key to Keeping Your Livestock and Poultry Healthy Well done tri-fold Biosecurity publication from the University of Maryland.

• Biosecurity for Poultry Flocks Biosecurity is a practice designed to prevent the spread of disease onto your farm. It is accomplished by maintaining the facility in such a way that there is minimal traffic of biological organisms (viruses, bacteria, rodents, etc.) across its borders. Biosecurity is the cheapest, most effective means of disease control available. No disease prevention program will work without it. Joan S. Jeffrey Extension Poultry Veterinarian University of California.

• The Merck Veterinary Manual, Eighth Edition, VERY GOOD RESOURCE. This interactive manual addresses the medical issues of companion, food, and zoo animals. This book includes discussions of etiology, transmission and pathogenesis, clinical findings and lesions, diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of disease entities.

• Avian Disease Fact Sheet Fact Sheet discusses how diseases spread, basic diagnosis, signs of health and disease, parasites, and nutritional deficiencies. By: Phillip J. Clauer, Virginia Cooperative Extension.

• Common Poultry Diseases in Small Farm Flocks (requires Acrobat Reader)Nice fact sheet for small scale diagnoses and treatment. By: Stanley L. Vanhooser, DVM, Oklahoma State University.

• Poultry Med.com Web site with good graphics by disease specialist Dr. Nati Elkin from the Israel.

• General Characteristics of Disinfectants Helpful Publication. By: Dr. Tom Smith, Mississippi State University.

• Sanitation-Disinfection Basics Disinfecting refers to the reduction of pathogens (disease causing organisms), while sanitation refers to the quality of cleanliness. Joan S. Jeffrey Extension Poultry Veterinarian University of California.

• Avian Influenza (AI)fact sheet from APHIS. Worldwide, there are many strains of avian influenza (AI) virus that can cause varying amounts of clinical illness in poultry. AI viruses can infect chickens turkeys, pheasants, quail, ducks, geese an guinea fowl, as well as a wide variety of other birds. Migratory waterfowl have proved to be the natural reservoir for this disease.

• Common Poultry Diseases List the most commonly encountered poultry diseases in alphabetical order. Less frequently observed diseases require consultation with a specialty disease manual. Click on the appropriate disease to see a discussion. By: Dr. Tom Smith, Mississippi State University.

• Disease Alert: Multi-State Pullorum Outbreak in Non-Commercial Poultry By: Eva Wallner-Pendleton, DVM, MS, ACPV, Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University.

• Preventing Avian Pox By: Fred Price, Extension Poultry Pathologist, University of California, Davis

Other Factors

• Use of Competitive Exclusion Products for Poultry By: Joan S. Jeffrey, DVM, MS, ACPV, Extension Poultry Specialist University of California, Cooperative Extension

• Guidelines For Risk Reduction of Microbial Introduction Into Poultry Flocks and Products (requires Acrobat Reader)General guidelines to reduce the risk of introduction of infectious microbes into chickens and table eggs. By: Douglas R. Kuney, Poultry Advisor, U.CA Cooperative Extension.

Poisonous Plants

• Cornell University Poisonous Plants Information Database a growing reference that includes plant images, pictures of affected animals and presentations concerning the botany, chemistry, toxicology, diagnosis and prevention of poisoning of animals by plants and other natural flora.

• University of Pennsylvania's Poisonous Plants Home Page Plants contain a large number of biologically active chemicals. Some of these have been found to be extremely useful for treating various human and animal diseases (e.g. digitoxin, colchicines and atropine). However, some plant constituents produce adverse health effects following exposure. The onset of these adverse effects can be quite sudden or take some time to develop. Fortunately, among the thousands of plants in the environment of animals, relatively few cause acute, life-threatening illnesses when ingested. This page helps you identify these plant.